Alopecia areata - 斑禿
斑禿 (Alopecia areata) 常出現在頭皮後部。典型情況下，它會突然出現，表面完全光滑，直徑約 2‑3 公分。
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesAlopecia areata 是一種免疫系統攻擊毛囊的病症，導致暫時性脫髮且不留疤痕。它可表現為斑塊狀脫髮，亦可能影響整個頭皮或全身，約有 2% 的人在生命的某個階段受到影響。主要原因似乎是毛囊周圍自然保護機制的破壞。
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by transient, non-scarring hair loss and preservation of the hair follicle. Hair loss can take many forms ranging from loss in well-defined patches to diffuse or total hair loss, which can affect all hair-bearing sites. Patchy alopecia areata affecting the scalp is the most common type. Alopecia areata affects nearly 2% of the general population at some point during their lifetime. A breakdown of immune privilege of the hair follicle is thought to be an important driver of alopecia areata.
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by transient, non-scarring hair loss and preservation of the hair follicle. Hair loss can take many forms ranging from loss in well-defined patches to diffuse or total hair loss, which can affect all hair-bearing sites. Patchy alopecia areata affecting the scalp is the most common type. Alopecia areata affects nearly 2% of the general population at some point during their lifetime. A breakdown of immune privilege of the hair follicle is thought to be an important driver of alopecia areata.
Alopecia areata 是一種免疫系統攻擊毛囊的病症，導致頭皮和身體其他多毛部位掉髮。它影響全世界約 2% 的人口。雖然可發生於任何年齡層，兒童的發生率較成人高（1.92% vs. 1.47%）。女性，尤其是 50 歲以上者，往往比男性更易經歷此情況。將皮質類固醇直接注射到受影響區域的效果，優於局部塗抹。
Alopecia areata is an immune-mediated condition leading to non-scarring alopecia of the scalp and other hair-bearing areas of the body. It affects up to 2% of the global population. It can affect all ages, but the prevalence appears higher in children compared to adults (1.92%, 1.47%). A greater incidence has been reported in females than males, especially in patients with late-onset disease, defined as age greater than 50 years. Intralesional injection of corticosteroids has been reported to lead to better responses compared to topical steroids.
Alopecia areata is an immune-mediated condition leading to non-scarring alopecia of the scalp and other hair-bearing areas of the body. It affects up to 2% of the global population. It can affect all ages, but the prevalence appears higher in children compared to adults (1.92%, 1.47%). A greater incidence has been reported in females than males, especially in patients with late-onset disease, defined as age greater than 50 years. Intralesional injection of corticosteroids has been reported to lead to better responses compared to topical steroids.
斑禿被認為是一種與毛囊免疫系統相關的自體免疫疾病。其潛在機制涉及身體無法正確辨識自身細胞，進而導致免疫介導的毛囊破壞。
○ 治療 - 非處方藥
部分輕度斑禿患者可在一年內自行恢復，無需特別治療。然而，多數患者會在頭皮的其他部位復發。
#Hydrocortisone cream
○ 治療
在病灶內注射類固醇是最有效的治療方式。若大面積頭皮受累，可考慮免疫療法。
#Triamcinolone intralesional injection
#DPCP immunotherapy